教学活动主要体现教师的“教”和学生的“学”,构成的双边活动。有序的活动能够提升学习的效率,获得良好的学习效果。因此教学活动的每一个环节都需要教师用心去体会。教学工作基本环节包括:备课、上课、课外作业的布置与批改、课外辅导、学生学业成绩的检查和评定。
备课是教学工作的前提和基础,授课前的准备工作,主要涉及备教材、备学生、备教法,其中备课是结合教科书及参考书目等学习资料,细致加工所学理论;备学生要充分了解学生的身心发展规律和特点,结合学生的基础灵活安排教学,因材施教;备教法主要指在了解学生和知识特点的基础上,能够运用适当的方法指导学生学习。
上课是教学工作的中心环节,通过上课能够有效传递知识,然而能够称之为一堂好课,需要具备多种要求:目的明确;内容正确;方法得当;结构合理;语言艺术;气氛热烈;板书有序;态度从容。在备考中简答题常常会考查这一知识点。
Teaching activities mainly embody the bilateral activities of teachers’ teaching and students’ learning. Orderly activities can improve the efficiency of learning and obtain good learning effect. Therefore, every link of teaching activities needs teachers’ heart to experience. The basic links of teaching work include: lesson preparation, class, homework arrangement and correction, extracurricular counseling, examination and evaluation of students’ academic achievements.
Lesson preparation is the premise and foundation of teaching work. The preparation work before teaching mainly involves preparation of teaching materials, students and teaching methods. Lesson preparation is to carefully process the theories learned by combining textbooks, reference books and other learning materials; Teaching preparation mainly refers to the ability to use appropriate methods to guide students’ learning on the basis of understanding the characteristics of students and knowledge.
Class is the central link of teaching work, through which knowledge can be effectively transferred. However, to be called a good class, it needs to have a variety of requirements: clear purpose; correct content; proper method; reasonable structure; language art; warm atmosphere; orderly blackboard writing; tolerant attitude. In preparation for the examination, the short answer questions often check this knowledge point.